What is a panic attack?
A panic attack is a sudden wave of strong fear that usually peaks within minutes. Your heart pounds, you can't catch your breath, and you may feel dizzy, sweaty, shaky or sick. You may think you're having a heart attack or losing control. It can happen anywhere, even on a calm evening.
The symptoms are real. Because panic can feel like some medical problems, always have chest pain or other new physical symptoms checked by a doctor.
Panic often works like a circle. You notice a feeling in your body and think it's dangerous. The fear makes the feeling stronger. Next time you watch for it. In the end, the fear of the next attack can limit your life more than the attacks do. We can work on this directly: when the attacks happen, what you do before and after, and what they may be linked to in your life.
Why does anxiety keep coming back?
What calms anxiety today often keeps it going. If you avoid a meeting, you feel better now, but the next meeting feels harder. Checking an email three times, asking your partner if everything is OK or looking up symptoms online helps for an hour. It also teaches your brain that the danger was real.
Daily habits matter too. Poor sleep, a lot of caffeine and alcohol can all make anxiety worse. And sometimes a situation really does need to change, such as a job, a relationship or a country that doesn't suit you. Then calming down isn't enough.
What can you do between sessions?
These tips don't replace therapy or medical advice. Try what suits you:
- Keep steady routines. Regular sleep and meals give your body less to react to.
- Move. Even a short walk counts.
- Breathe out slowly. Breathing out for longer than you breathe in can help your body settle.
- Set a time for worry. Write your worries down and come back to them at a set time, so they don't run all day.
- Drink less alcohol. It may calm you tonight, but it can make anxiety worse in the days after.
- Take one small step towards what you avoid. Small steps taken often do more than one big effort.
If you try these for a few weeks and not much changes, that's a good moment to get help.
When should you get help?
Talk to a professional if anxiety has lasted more than a few weeks, if you've had a panic attack, if you avoid places or people because of it, or if you need alcohol or other substances to cope. All of this is easier to deal with early.
If your anxiety is mostly about work and exhaustion, see therapy for burnout. If you're thinking about harming yourself, don't wait for a session. Call 112 or your local emergency number, or go to the nearest emergency department.